The rectus abdominis covers the anterior abdominal. While most women recover both form and function of the abdominal wall in the postnatal period, persistent separation of the rectus abdominis muscles occurs in some. It is well known that the abdominal wall plays a key role in function of the trunk and that pregnanc. It may seem like a jumble of meaningless latin at first, but muscle names follow a strict convention that names them according to one or more of the following. Unilateral partial absence of rectus abdominis muscle introduction the rectus abdominis ra is a strap muscle situated in the anterior abdominal wall on either side of the midline. Anatomical and mechanical relationship between the. The transversus abdominis is the deepest of the three muscles and its fibers run in a horizontal direction. These muscle names usually have a verb root and end in a suffix or or eus, followed by the name of the affected structure. Your rectus abdominus muscles are those that run from your chest to your pelvic bone in the middle of your stomach.
The rectus abdominis helps to maintain an upright posture and flex bend the lumbar spine lower back. Identifying the attachments of origin and insertion and understanding antagonistic movements enhances body awareness, which can increase performance and decrease the risk of injury. These hematomas are frequently selflimiting problems. Diastasis recti treatment in nyc neinstein plastic surgery. Consisting of multiple panels of muscle, like two stacks of blocks to be activated in sequence from pelvic floor base.
The diagram below shows the four trigger points that can form in this muscle. The supportive structures of the anterior abdominal wall include the linea alba, anterior rectus sheath, posterior rectus sheath, external oblique fascia, as well as the paired rectus abdominis and oblique musculature fig. The rectus femoris muscles run down the front of each thigh, from pelvis to tibia. Outer anterior half of the iliac crest, the inguinal ligament, the pubic tubercle and crest, and the aponeurosis of the anterior rectus sheath. A lateral pull at the intermuscular septa stabilizes the rectus attachments and in essence results in the. It is divided into three or four muscle bands on each side of the midline of the body. The muscle depresses the ribs and flexes the vertebral column. A clinical guide for those who are split down the middle is a text that is written for the clinician hence the clinical guide in its name. The continuity of its vertical course is interrupted by several transverse tendinous insertions running horizontal perpendicular to the vertical orientation of the rectus. The left and right rectus abdominis muscles run parallel to each other, up the front of the abdomen from pelvis to chest. In most cases, a tendon is the link between a muscle and a bone, but the.
The rectus abdominis muscles are interrupted by tendinous inscriptions, which typically appear as fibrous bands crossing the muscle. Unilaterally assists in lateral flexion and rotation of the spine. Anatomy, abdomen and pelvis, rectus sheath statpearls ncbi. The rectus abdominius muscle is one of four muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. The rectus abdominis muscle gives rise to abdominal markings. It is thought by most fitness instructors to be a significant component of the core. The anatomy coloring book is one of the best study and reference books for beginning anatomy students. Heres the rectus abdominis, together with the innermost of the flat muscles, transversus. Working in conjunction with the gluteus maximus, the rectus femoris provide strength and stability to connect your legs to your baseline. Tendinous intersections incriptiones tendinae further subdivide each rectus abdominis muscle into a. The rectus abdominis is a long flat muscle, which extends along the whole length of the front of the abdomen, and is separated from its fellow of the opposite side by the linea alba. Angle of the 9th rib, blending with serratus anterior and from the angles of the 10th, 11th, and 12th ribs, blending with latissimus dorsi. The fifth to seventh costal cartilages, and the inferomedial costal margin and posterior aspect of the xiphoid process of the sternum. The rectus abdominis muscle can be used to supplement a pectoralis major muscle flap when additional.
It attaches distally at the costal cartilages of ribs 57 and the xiphoid process of the sternum. The rectus abdominis is a very long muscle, wide at the top, and tapering to a more narrow attachment at the bottom. Anterior iliac crest, lateral half of inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia and cartilages of ribs 612. It acts as a flexor of the spine and an accessory muscle of respiration. Her eight books, including the groundbreaking move your dna, have been translated into more than a dozen languages worldwide. Cramer, in clinical anatomy of the spine, spinal cord, and ans third edition, 2014. Also referred to as abdominal separation, diastasis recti occurs when the rectus abdominis, the two large vertical banks of muscles that meet in the center of your abdomen, pull apart from their attachment point, the linea alba that runs down the bodys. The rectus abd ominis covers the anterior abdominal wall its superior attachment includes the xiphoid process and 7. Rectus abdominis muscle an overview sciencedirect topics. Transverse abdominis training sensational yoga poses. The rectus abdominis muscles, our central pillar of strength that allows us to stand upright. The anterolateral abdominal wall muscles teachmeanatomy. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The inferior epigastric artery has its origin as a branch of the external iliac artery.
The linea alba is a fibrous line that splits the rectus abdominis into two. Using the same friendly approach that makes her anatomy and. The fibers run up to the end of the sternum the xiphoid process and the nearby surfaces of the 5th through 7th ribs. Tensioning device for obliques and rectus abdominis. The left and right muscles run parallel to each other up the front of the abdomen from the pubic bone to the ribs. Rehabilitation has traditionally focused on exercises to close the gap and reduce this separation. The rectus abdominis covers the anterior abdominal wall. The first of the four abdominal muscles is the rectus abdominis. Rectus abdominis function, action, origin and insertion. The linea alba forms the medial border of this muscle and separates the two right and left. The rectus adductor syndrome is a form of groin pain caused by microtraumas which consists of a chronic inflammation in the insertion point onto the pubis, that is, of the tendons of the adductors and rectus abdominis see fig. The rectus abdominis originates where the two pubic bones join the pubic symphysis. The rectus abdominis spans from the pubic bone to the 5th 7th rib and the xiphoid process, which is the lowest part of your breastbone. When contracting rectus abdominis muscle has the characteristic bumps or bulges that are commonly called the six pack.
These muscles are responsible for maintaining your posture and the position of. The rectus abdominis muscle itself lies within the rectus sheath, which is formed by the merging of the aponeurosis of transversus abdominis, external and internal oblique abdominal muscles. The objectives of this study were to investigate the anatomical relationship between the proximal adductor longus al and rectus abdominis muscles and to determine whether unilateral loading of al results in strain transmission across the anterior pubic symphysis to the contralateral distal rectus. While each plays a vital role in stabilizing your core with all yoga poses and lifes activities, each one functions to move the body differently. Because of the muscles attachment to the lower ribs, it is also very important in respiration and creating normal breathing. The skeletal landmarks,muscular attachments, and muscle actions of the rectus abdominis are shown in an excerpt from the trigger point therapy for the rectus abdominis video download at the end of this article. It is visible as a vertical groove extending inferiorly from the xiphoid. It is originated from two tendons inferiorly medial and lateral medial. Unilateral partial absence of rectus abdominis muscle. The lateral border of this muscle is indicated by the linea semilunaris, a curved line running from the 9th rib to the pubic tubercle. Displacement of the scapula in the medial direction. This muscle is unique in that there are tendons within the muscle.
Microtearing at the aponeurotic attachment of the adductor longus and rectus abdominis described by zoga et al. From the getgo, diane makes a considerable effort to explain to the reader the reason why a. Based superiorly on the deep superior epigastric artery, a terminal branch of the ima, this type iii muscle can be turned on itself to fill a defect of the chest wall or mediastinum. The rectus abdominis is a long flat muscle that extends the entire length of the anterior abdominal wall. The anterior rectus sheath and the linea alba are composed of collagen fibers arranged in an interwoven lattice. This books exercise program is designed to be gentle and effective for. Teach clients to contract and relax the rectus abdominus. Diastasis recti is a separation of the rectus abdominis otherwise known as the sixpack muscle. Rectus abdominis actions with agonists and antagonists. This book is distributed under the terms of the creative commons.
Find diastasis rectus abdominis by diane lee at blurb books. Which of the following muscles is known as the tailors muscle because it helps you cross your legs so that you could sit with the heel of one limb resting on the knee of the other limb in centuries past, sitting with crossed legs was the way tailors, makers of clothing, would sit to do their sewing. Indirectly via insertion at the humerus via adduction. Sportsrelated groin pain secondary to symphysis pubis. The rectus sheath contains within it the superior and inferior epigastric. It extends along the entire length of the anterior abdominal wall. There are actually 4 different abdominal muscles rectus abdominis, external obliques, internal obliques, and the transverse abdominis. Its superior attachment includes the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5 through 7. Diastasis recti is an anatomic term used to describe a condition in which both rectus muscles are separated by a distance greater than expected. When toned or defined, these muscles create the appearance of the 6 pack or 8 pack. Attach the core pad vertically along the quadriceps at the front of the thighs. Below the costal margin, the upper three quarters of the aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique muscle split into deep and superficial layers around the rectus abdominis muscle.
It arises from the fifth, sixth and seventh costal cartilages. External oblique is the most superficial muscle of the anterior abdominal wall. It is worth noting that the full range of motion cannot be achieved with conventional situps performed on the floor, which can contribute to muscle imbalances and. The rectus abdominis muscle is a vertical muscle of the abdominal wall that extends the length of the abdomen from the inferior costal margin to the symphysis pubis. The transverse abdominal muscle tva, also known as the transverse abdominis, transversalis muscle and transversus abdominis muscle, is a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral front and side abdominal wall which is deep to layered below the internal oblique muscle. The current literature on tendinous inscriptions is scarce. The proximal attachments are the pubic crest and the pubic symphysis.
With the transverse abdominis providing an opposing force to work against, the diaphragm can act via its attachments to the front of the lumbar spine to help stabilize it. Rectus abdominis origin, insertion, action, innervation. From the inferomedial costal edge and back part of the xiphoid procedure of the sternum and fifth to seventh costal ligaments. In this article we will discuss the gross and functional anatomy of the rectus abdominis muscle. Hence, those are the locations you want to check properly when practicing your massage. Diastasis rectus abdominis is very common in the obstetric patient. Diastasis rectus abdominis by diane lee blurb books. The rectus abdominis is the muscles that contract during situps and crunches. The rectus abdominis muscles are the line of our baseline muscles and are separated by the linea alba, our primary guide for body alignment. Medical anatomy abdominal wall and gluteal region oinas. Part of the quadriceps femoris muscle group because of a common distal insertion with the 3. The material presented in these tables is contained in the book. Usually caused by the reduction of the consistency of the intercrossed fibers that make the linea alba, generating a separation of both aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis muscles.
Firstly, as an accessory muscle of respiration, it acts as an antagonist opponent to the diaphragm. The skin, subcutaneous tissue, rectus abdominis muscle, adductor muscle, and aponeurosis of the gracilis muscle are incised and minimally reflected from the midline to expose the pubic portion of the pelvic symphysis. The rectus abdominis muscle can be used to supplement a pectoralis major muscle flap when additional bulk is needed or when the pectoralis major muscle is not available. The rectus abdominis muscle is contained in the rectus sheath, which consists of the aponeuroses of the lateral abdominal muscles. Posteriorly angles with the pelvis region, flexion of the vertebral segment, packs stomach substance, helps with strength termination. The xs display the areas where trigger points are common to develop. How to work out the rectus abdominus muscles healthy living. The loose attachment of the inferior epigastric and the fixed perforating muscular branches make injury in the lower half of the muscle more common. The rectus sheath largely encloses the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles, as well as many neurovascular structures of the anterior abdominal wall. The diagrams are clearly labeled and allow you to see the relationship and placement of the various structures of the body. This book helped me in evaluating and giving a sound advice to the patient with the diastasis rectus abdominis. Trigger point therapy rectus abdominis stretch niel.
945 1096 880 580 35 1370 1032 1039 481 931 746 201 658 1442 203 1041 881 1444 746 473 520 636 1471 1326 1100 1581 1407 660 1040 1173 1128 280 89 538 1191 1087 888 11 129 53 1122 1129 290 1252 1243 544 421